Drawer 02 · 539 notes · 32 people · 2005–2026

Discovery & customer research

Customer interviews, opportunity mapping, validation, and jobs to be done

Q:
Answers from Discovery & customer research notes, cited
SVPG · Marty CaganJun 23, 2017

The Customer Letter

Jun 23, 2017 · 3 min

Marty Cagan describes a discovery framing technique for larger product efforts, such as redesigns, where a simple opportunity assessment may not convey enough value. He builds on Amazon's 'working backwards' practice of…

SVPG · Marty CaganNov 29, 2013

Personas for Product Management

Nov 29, 2013 · 3 min

Marty Cagan argues that product teams should design for specific personas rather than vague generic users. Using eBay seller tools as an example, he sketches three detailed fictional people with different backgrounds…

SVPG · Marty CaganOct 24, 2019

Coaching – Customer-Centricity

Oct 24, 2019 · 5 min

Marty Cagan argues that customer-centricity is a core trait for product managers that is shaped heavily by company culture and by what leaders demonstrate. He stresses that the true customer should be defined narrowly…

SVPG · Marty CaganMay 19, 2016

Developer Powered Innovation

May 19, 2016

Marty Cagan argues against a common fallacy in the tech industry: that developers only care about building tools for other developers. He contends that most engineers are passionate about solving real problems for real…

SVPG · Marty CaganAug 20, 2012

Time-Boxing Product Discovery

Aug 20, 2012 · 3 min

Marty Cagan argues that product teams doing discovery often move far too slowly, risking wasted time and money on unvalidated ideas. He distinguishes time-boxing (fixed work period followed by reflection) from…

SVPG · Marty CaganMar 10, 2016

Discovery Coaches

Mar 10, 2016 · 3 min

Marty Cagan argues that many Agile coaches come from delivery backgrounds and lack the product and design experience needed to help teams with discovery. He describes Discovery Coaches as typically former product…

SVPG · Marty CaganMay 12, 2008

Market Discovery vs. Product Discovery

May 12, 2008

Cagan distinguishes market discovery, which identifies worthwhile opportunities or markets, from product discovery, which determines whether a specific product is valuable, usable, and feasible. He argues the two are…

SVPG · Marty CaganAug 16, 2022

Market Fit

Aug 16, 2022 · 5 min

The author argues that many companies reach an early beachhead of customers, assume product/market fit, and then stall because they neglected market fit. Market fit means discovering 'market pull': what makes customers…

SVPG · Marty CaganFeb 22, 2014

Flavors of Prototypes

Feb 22, 2014 · 6 min

Marty Cagan argues that prototyping is not one thing: teams often narrow the term to whichever prototype type they first encountered, and then misuse it. He lays out four main flavors: feasibility prototypes that answer…

SVPG · Marty CaganFeb 29, 2016

Discovery Sprints

Feb 29, 2016 · 3 min

Marty Cagan introduces the discovery sprint, a one-week time-boxed effort to tackle a substantial problem or risk in a product's definition and validate a potential solution with real users. He explains that the…

SVPG · Marty CaganOct 22, 2007

Personas for Product Management

Oct 22, 2007 · 5 min

Marty Cagan argues that product management is a series of choices about which problems, customers, and features to pursue, and that personas are one of his favorite tools for making them. A persona is an archetype of an…

SVPG · Marty CaganSep 11, 2025

The Purpose of Prototypes

Sep 11, 2025 · 6 min

Cagan argues that the main purpose of prototyping is to discover a successful solution, not to ship a product. Recent gen-AI prototyping tools have sharply cut the cost of live-data prototypes, changing the economics…

Product Talk · Teresa TorresDec 20, 2011

The "Why" Behind Product Feedback

Dec 20, 2011

Teresa Torres recounts a founder who received contradictory feedback from buyers about whether sellers should pay for a pre-sale information platform. Digging into the context of each conversation revealed that the…

SVPG · Marty CaganApr 29, 2008

High-Fidelity Prototypes

Apr 29, 2008 · 4 min

Marty Cagan argues that high-fidelity prototypes are one of the most powerful tools for discovering a product that is valuable, usable and feasible. He lists ten benefits, including testing ideas with users before major…