Lenny’s Newsletter · Subscriber post · Org design & culture · Leadership & management

General management, functional, and hybrid models: Which org design works best for top companies?

How stage, North Star metrics, and talent can impact this critical decision

Lenny RachitskyJun 25, 202411 min♥ 117
SourceLenny’s Newsletter
KindSubscriber post
PublishedJun 25, 2024
Readers♥ 117
Originallennysnewsletter.com ↗
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The post compares general management (GM), functional, and hybrid org models, explaining how company stage, how close a North Star metric sits to revenue, and how critical the end-to-end customer journey is shape the choice. It also covers downstream effects on redundancy, decision-making, and talent retention, drawing on examples from companies such as Block, Shopify, Coinbase, Meta, and DoorDash.

Subscriber post — summary only

01Key takeaways

  • Early-stage companies usually run functional models because the founder effectively acts as the general manager.
  • GM structures tend to fit once a company has multiple proven product groups, predictable outcomes, and significant scale.
  • The closer a product's North Star metric is to revenue, the more naturally it suits a GM-led organization.
  • Functional models support cohesive customer journeys, while GM models support speed and independent business units.
  • Hybrid structures can balance GM agility with functional cohesion, but the choice still reflects tradeoffs in talent retention and career paths.

02Frameworks mentioned

Summary and takeaways written by PM Atlas; quotes are short excerpts. © the original author.